With reference to revenue collection by Cornwallis, consider the following statements: Under the Ryotwari Settlement of revenue collection,

With reference to revenue collection by Cornwallis, consider the following statements:

1. Under the Ryotwari Settlement of revenue collection, the peasants were exempted from revenue payment in case of bad harvests or natural calamities.
2. Under the Permanent Settlement in Bengal, if the Zamindar failed to pay his revenues to the state, on or before the fixed date, he would be removed from his Zamindari.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (b) 2 only

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is incorrect. Under the Ryotwari system, individual farmers (ryots) paid taxes directly to the government. There were no explicit exemptions for bad harvests or natural calamities.

Statement 2 is correct. Under the Permanent Settlement, if the Zamindar failed to pay his revenue to the state on time, he could lose his zamindari rights.
Possible Sources: History textbooks on British revenue systems in India.